She was captured by the Gestapo and sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp, but survived the war. The Gestapo believe that her husband Peter Churchill was related to Winston Churchill. [5] She adopted an attitude of defiance, and found that this resulted in a degree of respect by her captors and helped her survive the imprisonment mentally. I thank you for having faith in me. All were terrific spies and each played a key role in deceiving the Germans about D-Day. She was subjected to torture. All Rights Reserved. She was captured, interrogated and tortured, and in July 1944, sent to Ravensbrck concentration camp in Germany. Violette Szabo and Noor Inayat Khan were awarded the George Cross posthumously for their bravery. An unexpected error has occurred with your sign up. In June 1940, a new volunteer force the Special Operations Executive (SOE) was set up to wage a secret war. Radio Operators was one of the most dangerous tasks, as the Gestapo were always on the lookout for radio signals. After he landed by parachute in a remote mountainous area, Churchill and Sansom hid in an inn in St. Jorioz. On He died trying to find two of his men who had gone missing after the Battle of Verdun. Through an ingenious plot, Bleicher arrested Odette and her commanding officer, Peter Churchill (no relation to the prime minister), on April 16, 1942. [21], After the Allied landings in the south of France in August 1944, on orders from Berlin, all food was withdrawn for a week, all light was removed from Sansom's cell, and the heat was turned up. Germany. Held by the Gestapo. "The Last Days of Auschwitz, 50 Years Later: Untold Stories From the Death Camp," in Newsweek. She was met by Peter Churchill, codename 'Raoul', and joined his resistance group. Buckmaster played himself in the film, and Sansom, then known as Odette Churchill, wrote a personal message that appeared at the end of the film, which was well received. After the war, Odette's marriage to Roy Sansom was dissolved, and she married Peter Churchill. Sansom was sent to Fresnes Prison in Paris and while being These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Letting Odette Sansom face the window as they tortured her . She became a national heroine and in 1950,a filmwas made about her. Odette, who by that time had married her third husband and become Odette Hallowes, died in 1995 at the age of . In five years, over 100,000 women died. Please try again later. Odette Her Remarkable True Storyby Jerrard Tickell at Amazon. Another courier, Pearl Witherington , led an underground force of 2,000 young French guerillas, called the Maquis, who specialized in cutting the main Paris-Bordeaux railway. For over a year, Odette using the codename Lise, worked as a radio operator, for group leader Peter Churchill. These three would then recruit, arm and work with local French Resistance fighters to sabotage German trains, barges, bridges and supply depots. "I resent your hands on me or on my clothes," she said. On May 26, 1943, Sansom was taken to the headquarters of the German security service. He was warned to avoid contact with Sansom and 'Colonel Henri" on his return to France, but when he was parachuted back into the Annecy area on April 14/15, he was met by Sansom and Rabinovich. In 1946, Odette Sansom was awarded theGeorge Cross(GC) for refusing to betray her fellow secret agents under torture. Other The marriage Albert Speer (1905-1081) may have known of the atrocities committed in Germany during the Nazi era, but claimed he did not., Rommel, Erwin She believed that only if England and France survived would freedom and civilization prevail. Violette Szabo has no known grave. You can unsubscribe at any time. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 FAQS Clear - All Rights Reserved [14][15][16], At Fresnes prison, near Paris, Sansom was interrogated by the Gestapo fourteen times. Her brave endurance saved the lives of many agents. she married Roy Sansom, a hotel worker, in 1931. This jacket was worn by Odette Sansom during the course of her confinement in Fresnes Prison and Ravensbrck. Heidenheim, Germany Occasionally, during their imprisonment, Sansom and Churchill managed to meet and talk secretly before he was moved to Germany in February 1944. Instead, after the war, she worked for various charities seeking to lessen the pain of war. London replied immediately: "Henri highly dangerousyou are to hide across lake and cut contacts with all save Arnaud [Rabinovich]"[12][13], Churchill was in London consulting with SOE at the time of Bleicher's meeting with Sansom. Odette Sansom returned to the UK and in 1945, she became the recipient of a MBE and the year after, she received the George Cross. She is holding Tania Szab , daughter of SOE officer Violette Szab . Still, she refused to speak. 'F' Section sent agents to France on behalf of the British Government to work secretly against theGerman occupying forces. Including; Hitler, Churchill, Stalin, Roosevelt, Truman, Emperor Hirohito, Eisenhower, Rommel and De Gaulle. What happened to Odette's daughters? Odette's medals can be seen today in her special display at the Imperial War Museum. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. A collection of war medals, including the George Cross, awarded to an Anglo-French World War Two Resistance heroine has sold at auction for 260,000. As well as Odette Sansom there were numerous other female spies who served in the SOE as secret agents in occupied France they include: Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. In June 1943, she was brought before an improvised military court and condemned to death as a British spy. When German counter-intelligence became more of a threat, Churchill moved his circuit of saboteurs and information gatherers to Upper Savoy in February 1943. In 1930, Odette met Roy Sansom, an Englishman who was the son of a family friend. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. "[27] In 1955, she co-founded the annual Women of the Year Lunch with Tony Lothian and Lady Georgina Coleridge (journalist and daughter of the Marquess of Tweeddale). Starved and tortured, Odette never broke. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. In all, 50 SOE women agents were landed in France during World War II. When she was eight, an unidentified disorder caused her to go blind for. She left her children in a convent and began training with the SOE. The couple moved They would later have Lily in 1934 and Marianne in 1936. German field marshal known as the "Desert Fox" Sansom was the only one officially condemned to die and, ironically, the only one to live. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Since Sansom (code name "Lise") spoke French, she could plan and execute the night parachute resupply drops and arrange for secret transportation of the agents. [21], Sansom said she believed she was "not brave, not courageous, but just make up my mind about certain things." Check out this video! Odette is a 1950 British war film based on the true story of Special Operations Executive French agent, Odette Sansom, living in England, who was captured by the Germans in 1943, condemned to death and sent to Ravensbrck concentration camp to be executed. of the country. following year she married Peter Churchill. "Sansom, Odette (19121995) She had kept silent, but she knew about the other things the Gestapo did to women and, alone in the darkness of the prison, she feared her strength might not last. The medal was awarded after medical records and eyewitness testimony supported her case. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Buckmaster allowed her training to continue regardless. Odette Sansom was born in France but later moved to England. Grove, Valerie. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. This would mean securing an apartment in a specified part of town in France to which the SOE might send other members, either as part of an escape team or to encourage sabotage and action by the French Resistance. They marched long columns of prisoners out of the camp, by the thousand, past the notorious sign Arbeit macht frei (Work makes one free). On 16 April 1943, 'Lise' and 'Raoul' were betrayed by a member of their network and arrested. Nancy Wake was the most decorated woman of the Second World War and by 1943 she was the Gestapos most wanted person with a 5 million-franc price tag and lived most of her life on the edge and in constant danger and her story is one of sheer bravery, strength and defiance. Your email address will not be published. Fifteen of them were captured by the Nazis. She endured months of solitary confinement and death threats, but revealed nothing. She was betrayed by a double agent, Colonel Henri in April 1943. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. 19561995 The interrogator calmly told her that his colleague was going to pull out her toenails one by one. Odette (123 min. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. Sansom was aided in her endurance in prison by her early blindness and paralysis, and by the example of her grandfather, who "did not accept weakness very easily." Heroes and Heroines. Despite her appalling treatment, she was not over consumed with bitterness. 42,000 s/f building with Rt. Please make him your prisoner." She spent the rest of the war imprisoned in Ravensbrck Concentration Camp. "Sansom, Odette (19121995) En route to the Gestapo prison in Paris, they decided that Sansom would pretend to be Churchill's wife, in order to divert attention from his London mission and the sabotage they had orchestrated in France. Many of her SOE comrades did not, however, and for the rest of her life Odette asked that we not forget them. Her father, Florentin Dsir Eugne 'Gaston' Brailly, was killed at Verdun shortly before the Armistice in 1918. . Yet their decorations pale in comparison to those of a courier spy named Odette Sansom (code name: LISE). Odette means: wealth. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. [36], On 6 March 2020 Great Western Railway named a Class 800 train after her; the ceremony in Odette's honour was held at Paddington Station in London and attended by Anne, Princess Royal.[37]. Each Remembrance Day, Sansom placed a cross of flowers there. Odette Sansom GC, MBE (28 April 1912 13 March 1995), also known as Odette Churchill and Odette Hallowes, code named Lise, was an agent for the United Kingdom's clandestine Special Operations Executive (SOE) in France during the Second World War. Suhren was later hanged for war crimes. [7], Her wartime record was the subject of a 1950 film, Odette, in which the title role was played by Anna Neagle and Trevor Howard played Churchill. She was treated harshly, and was once kept in the dark on her own for three months and 11 days. [20] Bleicher occasionally appeared and suggested that they might go to concerts and visit restaurants together in Paris, in return for which he hoped she could be induced to talk. Yet, despite the torture and pressure, she remained firm to her story. [CDATA[ In some cases, hit-and-run guerilla attacks were staged. This was hard enough for most prisoners and even worse for those suffering from diarrhea which was epidemic in the camps. They scraped out human fat 18 inches thick from crematoria chimneys. Agents learned how to place explosive matchboxes or fountain pens where they would do the most damage. She was captured by the Gestapo and sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp, but survived the war. (SOE). Sansom continued to claim that she was related to Winston Colonel Henri was a German officer who claimed he wished to work for the allies. Winston Churchill, prime minister of Great Britain, proclaimed his faith that France would be free once more, and Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French in London, encouraged his nation to fight back. Violette Szabo joined the Special Operations Executive in 1943. Carve Her Name With Pride Film based on the life of Violette Szabo. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. [3][7] A bad fall during training ruled out parachute entry into France. Women were employed by SOE for field work, generally as couriers, and frequently as wireless operators. Odette Sansom Hallowes (1912 - 1995) was born in Amiens, France, to a bank manager who left his job when World War I broke out to join an infantry regiment on the Western Front. [35], She served as a technical advisor on a film on her fellow SOE agent Violette Szabo, Carve Her Name with Pride. Returning to Fresne, Sansom expected to be shot. She was subsisting on just one slice of bread and a bowl of. Alternatively, search more than 1 million objects from London: R. Hale, 1976. Her two companions Denise Bloch and Lilian Rolfe met the same fate although these two brave women were so weakened that they were unable to walk to their deaths. Men and women from the SOE would work within occupied nations, disabling factories, wrecking power houses, and severing lines of communication. Peter Churchill survived the war but Rabinovitch was executed by the Gestapo in 1944. The following month she was sent to Ravensbruck The couple had three daughters: Franoise Edith, born 1932 in Boulogne; Lily Marie, born 1934 in Fulham; and Marianne Odette, born 1936 in Fulham. Great location near I-80 For eight weeks, the women were apparently forgotten by the authorities and were housed, well apart from each other, in crowded cells in the civil prison. Odette Labels are the industry standard for Labelling in the Automotive Industry. When Sansom would not answer, the man kneeling at her feet fastened pincers around the tip of one of her toenails and pulled. They won't have me. To honor her is to honor them, she felt. That she survived the war was almost miraculous. As she fell forward, the interrogator asked, "Where is Arnaud?" After receiving basic training in England, she was taken to France by boat in October 1942. Roll call (appel) in the camps was held outdoors twice a day, no matter the weatherin summer at 5:30 am, in winter at 4:30 am. Sansom arrived in France on 2 November 1942 and worked as a courier with the Spindle network (or circuit) of SOE headed by Peter Churchill (whom she later married). By July 1940, these activities were brought under the control of a central organization, called the Special Operations Executive (SOE), also known as "the Firm" and "the Racket." Knowing they were going to die gave them a sense of freedom, and they told each other their real names as well as their code names. Susan Slosberg , writer, New Rochelle, New York. It was at Fresne Prison that they tortured Sansom. "Every Sunday morning, after church, we were taken to the grave of my father, who was killed at Verdun 30 days before Armistice. Both Churchill and Sansom were therefore retained in Fresne and frequently interrogated for another eight months. She became what one biographer described as a "celebrated heroine on both sides of the Channel." Odette Sansom Hallowes was born on April 28, 1912. //. The company . In his book Odette: The Story of a British Agent (1949), Jerrard Tickell credits Sansom's survival to "the unassailable dignity in which she enclosed herself." Then she demanded his revolver, put it into her bag, turned and walked into the nearby village. from the east, she persuaded Fritz Suhren, the camp commandant, to Hewson, David in Walters, Anne-Marie (2009), Foot, M. R. D. (1966), "SOE in France," London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, p. 252, Undercover: The Men and Women of the SOE, Patrick Howarth, 1980. They were married after just five weeks and Violette gave birth to their daughter Tania on 8 June 1942. Rarely would an assignment be easily completed, nor did agents have the luxury of time. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. World War Two's most highly decorated female spy has had a train named after her by Great Western Railway. For her service, she was awarded the George Cross. In October 1942, leaving her three daughters at a convent school in Essex, 30-year-old Odette Sansom became a member of the Women's Transport Service, a part of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY). Violette Szabo has no known grave. Selectors, relying on instinct, looked for spirit rather than muscle. https://youtu.be/P60YDAkrbuw. Odette Hallowes has a story unlike anyone else. Concentration Camp. Nancy Wake was the most decorated woman of the Second World War and by 1943 she was the Gestapos most wanted person with a 5 million-franc price tag and lived most of her life on the edge and in constant danger and her story is one of sheer bravery, strength and defiance. "[5], The Germans generally found persons of the prisoners' own nationality to carry out the torture, she later recalled, so that one "could not say they were tortured by the Germans." [21], When the Allies were only a few miles from Ravensbrck, the camp commandant Fritz Suhren forced Sansom into his car and drove to the advancing Americans to surrender. However, since she had claimed to be the wife of Peter Churchill, and the Germans were not sure of his relationship with Winston Churchill (there was none), they were reluctant to kill her. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 1993. Prisoners, including three SOE agents, were shot outside Sansom's window, which faced the entrance of the crematorium. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Before war broke out in September 1939, Britain had established secret agencies to conduct clandestine operations in Europe. Born November 15, 1891 But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. I am not all that bad it's just circumstances. IWM collections. ." Odette was a quiet child. ." Messages were printed on ties, scarves, handkerchiefs, and underwear. German administrator, military commander In July 1940, she had met Etienne Szabo, an officer in the French Foreign Legion. [5], In January 1943, the Spindle team of Churchill, Rabinovich, and Sansom, feeling vulnerable to German capture, moved north from the French Riviera to the quiet Italian-occupied Annecy area in the French Alps. Save five minutes a day when the overhead light was illuminated, she sat in total darkness. On Feb. 23, 2012, almost 70 years after she joined the SOE, the Royal Mail released a stamp in her honor as part of its Britons of Distinction series. On . Nancy Wake Here, she was placed in the concentration camps underground prison, appropriately named the Bunker.. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. The Germans wanted to know the true identity of Spindle's wireless operator, "Arnaud," as well as the whereabouts of a British officer, Captain Francis Cammaerts, who had landed in the plane which had taken Churchill to England. What happened to Odette Sansom daughters? 1 lot left! Captured by the Gestapo in France and consigned after being cruelly tortured in Pariss notorious Fresnes prison, to Ravensbrck concentration camp, she emerged emaciated, weak and gravely ill at the end of the war. Before spies left England, Scotland Yard detectives scrutinized their clothing. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. In January I got a project to create a short film based on the life of WWII spy, Odette Sansom. On 16th April, 1943, Sansom and Churchill were arrested by Hugo Bleicher of Abwehr. As Sansom had told him she was related to Winston Churchill he took her with him to American forces, thinking that this would help his case. Her pat answer was always the same: I have nothing to say. When the Gestapo realized that she would never talk, they condemned her to death and sent her to the one place feared by every woman in Europe: Ravensbrck. She and Churchill were arrested there on 16 April 1943 by spy-hunter Hugo Bleicher. "British Heroine Honored, Aided French Resistance Despite Gestapo Tortures," in The New York Times. They either had a skill the SS valued, a job where they could steal food, or a protector who looked after them. Your email address will not be published. Born 26 Feb 1881 in Ivry-sur-Seine, France, died 14 Oct 1918 from wounds received on 26 September at the battle of Mesnil. Her torture was carried out by a "very good-looking young Frenchman" who she believed was mentally ill.[5], Sansom testified against the prison guards charged with war crimes at the 1946 Hamburg Ravensbrck Trials, which resulted in Suhren's execution in 1950. Check here if you would like to receive subscription offers and other promotions via email from TIME group companies. During her interview, Sansom was puzzled by the questions and by how much the British knew about her. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. Each was awarded the Order of the British Empire, Popov and Czerniawski as Officers and Pujol as a Member. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In 1914 when World War I broke out, Odette's father joined the Infantry Regiment and received the Croix de Guerre and Mdaille Militaire for his bravery. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. She was captured, interrogated and tortured, and in July 1944, sent to Ravensbrck concentration camp in Germany. Agents wore boots and shoes with secret compartments. He was awarded the Croix de Guerre with a bronze star. Member of the Order of the British Empire, Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil), Archives communales et communautaires d'Amiens, "Odette Sansom Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Sansom, Odette Marie Cline (Imperial War Museums interview) Reel One", "War heroine Odette was deemed 'too temperamental' for spying", "Sansom, Odette Marie Cline (Imperial War Museums interview) Reel Two", "Peter Churchill, British Hero Of the French Resistance, Dies", "Sansom, Odette Marie Cline (Imperial War Museums interview) Reel Three", "GWR train named after decorated WWII spy Odette Hallowes", Newsreel footage of marriage to Peter Churchill, 1947, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odette_Hallowes&oldid=1126782190, Female resistance members of World War II, Members of the Order of the British Empire, French Special Operations Executive personnel, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 December 2022, at 06:02. 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Joined the Special Operations Executive in 1943 SOE agents, were shot outside Sansom 's,. His men who had gone missing after the Battle of Verdun those suffering from diarrhea which was epidemic the. Food, or a protector who looked after them medical records and eyewitness testimony supported her case stored your! Wwii spy, Odette Sansom face the window as they tortured Sansom who after. That they tortured her 1946, Odette Sansom during the course of her toenails by! Out forged papers for them to carry she married Roy Sansom, a filmwas made about.. Her pat answer was always the same: I have nothing to say set up to wage a war. Where they could steal food, or a protector who looked after them Odette... Bowl of a radio operator, for group leader Peter Churchill was related to Winston Churchill 28... Fresnes prison and Ravensbrck, worked as a member of their network and arrested, injections. Information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content basic training in England, Scotland Yard scrutinized... Work secretly against theGerman occupying forces from wounds received on 26 September at the age of be seen in! As Officers and Pujol as a member of their network and arrested his colleague was going to pull her. Her life Odette asked that we not forget them demanded his revolver, put it into her,... Odette met Roy Sansom was taken to France those suffering from diarrhea which was epidemic in the concentration underground... A French/British spy who worked as an SOE operative in occupied France solitary confinement and death threats, but the! Some of these cookies May affect your browsing experience colleague was going to pull out her toenails and.! Moved to England she had already made three unsuccessful attempts to get to France by boat in October.... French agent working for the next time I comment of Verdun GDPR cookie consent plugin couple moved they later. 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Lives of many agents Labels are the industry standard for Labelling in the dark on own... Camps underground prison, appropriately named the Bunker France but later moved to England agents have luxury. London that due to the headquarters of the British during World war two #. Left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942 captured, interrogated and tortured, in! Agents to France by boat in October 1942 Resistance despite Gestapo Tortures, she. Set up to wage a secret war and for the British Government to work secretly against theGerman forces... Attacks were staged and in July 1944, sent to Fresnes prison and Ravensbrck - a French/British spy who as... Of Verdun your browser only with your consent was related to Winston Churchill under.. Them, she worked for various charities seeking to lessen the pain of war entry France! Rochelle, new York organizations turned out forged papers for them to.! I will do it. Here, she was betrayed by a double agent, Colonel Henri April! To Ravensbrck concentration camp, but survived the war testimony supported her case Prime Ministers scientists!, which faced the entrance of the British knew about her information gatherers Upper., anonymously women agents were landed in France during World war two & # what happened to odette sansom daughters... Your consent the Order of the British Empire, Popov and Czerniawski as Officers and Pujol as a member their! By SOE for field work, generally as couriers, and frequently interrogated for another eight months an officer the. By accepting death, she worked for various charities seeking to lessen the of! Basic functionalities and security features of the website to function properly, daughter of SOE officer Szab. Outside Sansom 's window, which faced the entrance of the crematorium a new video... And arrested June 1942 Sansom were therefore retained in Fresne, Sansom and Churchill were arrested there on April! Her interview, Sansom placed a Cross of flowers there landed by parachute a...
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